Science-backed evidence for smarter learning
Grafoxi isn't built on guesswork or trends—it's built on decades of cognitive science research and cutting-edge machine learning. Every feature, from the FSRS algorithm to the flashcard design, is grounded in scientific evidence about how humans learn and remember.
Spaced repetition is one of the most well-researched learning techniques in cognitive psychology. Studies consistently show it can:
This isn't new science—spaced repetition has been studied since the 1880s, starting with Hermann Ebbinghaus's groundbreaking work on the forgetting curve.
"Memory: A Contribution to Experimental Psychology"
The foundational work that discovered the forgetting curve and established that information is forgotten exponentially over time without reinforcement. This research laid the groundwork for all modern spaced repetition systems.
"Distributed Practice in Verbal Recall Tasks: A Review and Quantitative Synthesis"
A comprehensive meta-analysis of 317 experiments showing that spaced practice consistently outperforms massed practice across all types of learning materials and retention intervals.
"The Critical Importance of Retrieval for Learning" (Science)
Published in one of the world's top scientific journals, this study proved that active recall (testing yourself) is far more effective than passive review for long-term retention.
"Improving Students' Learning With Effective Learning Techniques"
After reviewing hundreds of studies, researchers rated spaced practice and practice testing (flashcards) as the two most effective learning techniques, giving both the highest rating of "high utility."
The FSRS algorithm used in Grafoxi is backed by peer-reviewed academic research:
Published: Proceedings of the 28th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (2022)
This paper presents the mathematical foundation of FSRS, demonstrating how machine learning can optimize review scheduling to minimize study time while maximizing retention.
Published: IEEE Journals & Magazine
This research explains how FSRS models memory dynamics using the DSR (Difficulty, Stability, Retrievability) framework, allowing for more accurate predictions of when you'll forget information.
Beyond academic research, FSRS has been tested with millions of real flashcard reviews:
Compared to older algorithms like SM-2, while maintaining the same retention rate
Typical retention achieved with FSRS's optimized scheduling
Across Anki, RemNote, and other platforms using FSRS
When you use Grafoxi, you're not just using another flashcard app—you're leveraging:
The result? You learn faster, remember longer, and waste less time on ineffective study techniques.
For those interested in diving deeper into the research:
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